DBRS Morningstar Finalized Its Provisional Rating on Freddie Mac Seasoned Credit Risk Transfer Trust, Series 2022-1

DBRS, Inc. (DBRS Morningstar) finalized its provisional rating on the following Mortgage-Backed Security, Series 2022-1 issued by Freddie Mac Seasoned Credit Risk Transfer Trust, Series 2022-1 (the Trust):

-- $33.9 million Class M at B (low) (sf)

DBRS Morningstar did not rate the other classes in the Trust.

This transaction is a securitization of a portfolio of seasoned, reperforming first-lien residential mortgages funded by the issuance of the certificates, which are backed by 6,677 loans with a total principal balance of $1,043,955,361 as of the Cut-Off Date.

Freddie Mac either purchased the mortgage loans from securitized Freddie Mac Participation Certificates or Uniform Mortgage Backed Securities, or retained them in whole-loan form since their acquisition. The loans are currently held in Freddie Mac’s retained portfolio and will be deposited into the Trust on the Closing Date.

The loans are approximately 157 months seasoned. Approximately 89.9% have been modified under the Government-Sponsored Enterprise (GSE) Home Affordable Modification Program (HAMP), GSE non-HAMP modification program, or under and/or subject to a Freddie Mac payment deferral program (PDP). The remaining loans (10.1%) were never modified. Within the pool, 2,989 mortgages have forborne principal amounts as a result of modification, which equates to 9.3% of the total unpaid principal balance as of the Cut-Off Date. For 39.8% of the modified loans, the modifications happened more than two years ago.

90.4% of the loans have payment status as current as of the Cut-Off Date, of which 2.4% are in bankruptcy. Furthermore, 44.2% and 17.8% of the mortgage loans have been zero times 30 days delinquent (0 x 30) for at least the past 12 and 24 months, respectively, under the Mortgage Bankers Association delinquency methods. DBRS Morningstar assumed all loans within the pool are exempt from the qualified mortgage rules because of their eligibility to be purchased by Freddie Mac.

Specialized Loan Servicing LLC and NewRez LLC, doing business as Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing, will service the mortgage loans. The Servicers will not advance any delinquent principal or interest on any mortgages; however, the Servicers are obligated to advance to third parties any amounts necessary for the preservation of mortgaged properties or real estate owned properties acquired by the Trust through foreclosure or a loss mitigation process.

Freddie Mac will serve as the Sponsor, Seller, and Trustee of the transaction as well as the Guarantor of the senior certificates (i.e., the Class MAU, MA, MA-IO, MB, MBU, MB-IO, MT, MT-IO, MTU, MV, MZ, TAU, TAW, TA, TA-IO, TBU, TBW, TB, TB-IO, TT, TT-IO, TTU, TTW, M5AU, M5AW, M55A, M5AI, M5BU, M5BW, M55B, M5BI, M55T, M5TI, M5TU, and M5TW Certificates). Wilmington Trust National Association (Wilmington Trust; rated AA (low) with a Stable trend by DBRS Morningstar) will serve as the Trust Agent. Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (rated BBB with a Stable trend by DBRS Morningstar) will serve as the Custodian for the Trust. U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (rated AA (high) with a Stable trend by DBRS Morningstar) will serve as the Securities Administrator for the Trust and will also initially act as the Paying Agent, Certificate Registrar, Transfer Agent, and Authenticating Agent.

Freddie Mac, as the Seller, will make certain representations and warranties (R&W) with respect to the mortgage loans. It will be the only party from which the Trust may seek indemnification (or, in certain cases, a repurchase) as a result of a breach of R&Ws. If a breach review trigger occurs during the warranty period, the Trust Agent, Wilmington Trust, will be responsible for the enforcement of R&Ws. The warranty period will be effective only through April 11, 2025 (approximately three years from the Closing Date), for substantially all R&Ws other than the real estate mortgage investment conduit R&W and the R&W-related mortgage loans whose high-cost regulatory compliance was unable to be tested, which will not expire.

The mortgage loans will be divided into three loan groups: Group M, Group M55, and Group T. The Group M loans (75.5% of the pool) and Group M55 loans (6.1% of the pool) were subject to either fixed-rate modifications or step-rate modifications that have reached their final step rates and, as of the Cut-Off Date, the borrowers have made at least one payment after such mortgage loans reached their respective final step rates. Each Group M loan has a mortgage interest rate less than or equal to 5.5% and has no forbearance, or may have forbearance and any mortgage interest rate. Each Group M55 loan has a mortgage interest rate higher than 5.5%. Group T loans (18.4% of the pool) were never modified or were subject to a PDP.

Principal and interest (P&I) on the senior certificates (the Guaranteed Certificates) will be guaranteed by Freddie Mac. The Guaranteed Certificates will be primarily backed by collateral from each group. The remaining certificates, including the subordinate, nonguaranteed interest-only mortgage insurance and residual certificates, will be cross-collateralized among the three groups.

The transaction employs a pro rata pay cash flow structure among the senior group certificates with a sequential-pay feature among the subordinate certificates. Certain principal proceeds can be used to cover interest shortfalls on the rated Class M certificates. Senior classes, other than Class A-IO, benefit from P&I payments that are guaranteed by the Guarantor, Freddie Mac; however, such guaranteed amounts, if paid, will be reimbursed to Freddie Mac from the P&I collections prior to any allocation to the subordinate certificates. The senior principal distribution amounts vary subject to the satisfaction of a step-down test. Realized losses are allocated reverse sequentially.

In this transaction, in addition to the servicing fee, the trust agent fee, the securities administrator fee, the custodian fee, the independent reviewer fees, and the guarantor oversight fee, a supplemental guarantor oversight fee of 20 basis points will also be deducted from the Interest Remittance Amount before any distribution of interest payments to senior and subordinate certificates.

CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) PANDEMIC IMPACT
The pandemic and the resulting isolation measures caused an immediate economic contraction, leading to sharp increases in unemployment rates and income reductions for many consumers. Shortly after the onset of the pandemic, DBRS Morningstar saw an increase in delinquencies for many residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) asset classes.

Such mortgage delinquencies were mostly in the form of forbearances, which are generally short-term periods of payment relief that may perform very differently from traditional delinquencies. At the onset of the pandemic, the option to forebear mortgage payments was widely available, driving forbearances to an elevated level. When the dust settled, loans with coronavirus-induced forbearance in 2020 performed better than expected, thanks to government aid, low loan-to-value ratios (LTVs), and acceptable underwriting in the mortgage market in general. Across nearly all RMBS asset classes in recent months delinquencies have been gradually trending downward, as forbearance periods come to an end for many borrowers.

As of the Cut-Off Date, there are 17 loans that are subject to an active coronavirus-related forbearance plan with the Servicers.

For more information regarding the economic stress assumed under its baseline scenario, please see the following “Baseline Macroeconomic Scenarios for Rated Sovereigns March 2022 Update,” dated March 24, 2022.

The rating reflects transactional strengths that include the following:
-- Current loans with relatively good payment histories,
-- LTVs,
-- Satisfactory third-party due-diligence review, and
-- Seasoning.

The transaction also includes the following challenges:
-- R&W standard and
-- No servicer advances of delinquent P&I.

The full description of the strengths, challenges, and mitigating factors is detailed in the related presale report.

A description of how DBRS Morningstar considers ESG factors within the DBRS Morningstar analytical framework can be found in the DBRS Morningstar Criteria: Approach to Environmental, Social, and Governance Risk Factors in Credit Ratings at https://www.dbrsmorningstar.com/research/373262.

Notes:
All figures are in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted.

The principal methodology is RMBS Insight 1.3: U.S. Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Model and Rating Methodology (April 1, 2020), which can be found on dbrsmorningstar.com under Methodologies & Criteria.

The DBRS Morningstar Sovereign group releases baseline macroeconomic scenarios for rated sovereigns. DBRS Morningstar analysis considered impacts consistent with the baseline scenarios as set forth in the following report: https://www.dbrsmorningstar.com/research/384482/baseline-macroeconomic-scenarios-application-to-credit-ratings.

The rated entity or its related entities did participate in the rating process for this rating action. DBRS Morningstar had access to the accounts and other relevant internal documents of the rated entity or its related entities in connection with this rating action.

Please see the related appendix for additional information regarding the sensitivity of assumptions used in the rating process.

The full report providing additional analytical detail is available by clicking on the link under Related Documents below or by contacting us at info@dbrsmorningstar.com.

For more information on this credit or on this industry, visit www.dbrsmorningstar.com or contact us at info@dbrsmorningstar.com.

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