DBRS Morningstar Finalizes Provisional Ratings on J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2020-INV2

DBRS, Inc. (DBRS Morningstar) finalized the following provisional ratings on the Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2020-INV2 (the Certificates) issued by J.P. Morgan Mortgage Trust 2020-INV2 (the Issuing Entity):

-- $300.8 million Class A-1 at AAA (sf)
-- $273.5 million Class A-2 at AAA (sf)
-- $191.4 million Class A-3 at AAA (sf)
-- $191.4 million Class A-3-A at AAA (sf)
-- $191.4 million Class A-3-X at AAA (sf)
-- $143.6 million Class A-4 at AAA (sf)
-- $143.6 million Class A-4-A at AAA (sf)
-- $143.6 million Class A-4-X at AAA (sf)
-- $47.9 million Class A-5 at AAA (sf)
-- $47.9 million Class A-5-A at AAA (sf)
-- $47.9 million Class A-5-X at AAA (sf)
-- $120.2 million Class A-6 at AAA (sf)
-- $120.2 million Class A-6-A at AAA (sf)
-- $120.2 million Class A-6-X at AAA (sf)
-- $71.2 million Class A-7 at AAA (sf)
-- $71.2 million Class A-7-A at AAA (sf)
-- $71.2 million Class A-7-X at AAA (sf)
-- $23.3 million Class A-8 at AAA (sf)
-- $23.3 million Class A-8-A at AAA (sf)
-- $23.3 million Class A-8-X at AAA (sf)
-- $14.8 million Class A-9 at AAA (sf)
-- $14.8 million Class A-9-A at AAA (sf)
-- $14.8 million Class A-9-X at AAA (sf)
-- $33.0 million Class A-10 at AAA (sf)
-- $33.0 million Class A-10-A at AAA (sf)
-- $33.0 million Class A-10-X at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-11 at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-11-A at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-11-AI at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-11-B at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-11-BI at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-11-X at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-12 at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-13 at AAA (sf)
-- $27.4 million Class A-14 at AAA (sf)
-- $27.4 million Class A-15 at AAA (sf)
-- $210.6 million Class A-16 at AAA (sf)
-- $90.3 million Class A-17 at AAA (sf)
-- $300.8 million Class A-X-1 at AAA (sf)
-- $300.8 million Class A-X-2 at AAA (sf)
-- $82.0 million Class A-X-3 at AAA (sf)
-- $27.4 million Class A-X-4 at AAA (sf)
-- $11.5 million Class B-1 at AA (sf)
-- $11.5 million Class B-1-A at AA (sf)
-- $11.5 million Class B-1-X at AA (sf)
-- $9.2 million Class B-2 at A (sf)
-- $9.2 million Class B-2-A at A (sf)
-- $9.2 million Class B-2-X at A (sf)
-- $8.0 million Class B-3 at BBB (sf)
-- $8.0 million Class B-3-A at BBB (sf)
-- $8.0 million Class B-3-X at BBB (sf)
-- $5.6 million Class B-4 at BB (sf)
-- $3.6 million Class B-5 at B (sf)
-- $28.7 million Class B-X at BBB (sf)
-- $3.6 million Class B-5-Y at B (sf)

Classes A-3-X, A-4-X, A-5-X, A-6-X, A-7-X, A-8-X, A-9-X, A-10-X, A-11-X, A-11-AI, A-11-BI, A-X-1, A-X-2, A-X-3, A-X-4, B-1-X, B-2-X, B-3-X, and B-X are interest-only (IO) certificates. The class balances represent notional amounts.

Classes A-1, A-2, A-3, A-3-A, A-3-X, A-4, A-4-A, A-4-X, A-5, A-5-A, A-5-X, A-6, A-7, A-7-A, A-7-X, A-8, A-9, A-10, A-11-A, A-11-AI, A-11-B, A-11-BI, A-12, A-13, A-14, A-16, A-17, A-X-2, A-X-3, B-1, B-2, B-3, B-X, and B-5-Y are exchangeable certificates. These classes can be exchanged for combinations of exchange certificates as specified in the offering documents.

Classes A-2, A-3, A-3-A, A-4, A-4-A, A-5, A-5-A, A-6, A-6-A, A-7, A-7-A, A-8, A-8-A, A-9, A-9-A, A-10, A-10-A, A-11, A-11-A, A-11-B, A-12, and A-13 are super-senior certificates. These classes benefit from additional protection from the senior support certificates (Classes A-14 and Class A-15) with respect to loss allocation.

The AAA (sf) rating on the Certificates reflects 12.00% of credit enhancement provided by subordinated notes in the pool. The AA (sf), A (sf), BBB (sf), BB (sf), and B (sf) ratings reflect 8.65%, 5.95%, 3.60%, 1.95%, and 0.90% of credit enhancement, respectively.

Other than the specified classes above, DBRS Morningstar does not rate any other classes in this transaction.

This securitization is a portfolio of first-lien, fixed-rate investment-property residential mortgages funded by the issuance of the Certificates. The Certificates are backed by 1,014 loans with a total principal balance of $341,864,600 as of the Cut-Off Date (July 1, 2020).

The entire pool, except for a single loan with IO features, consists of fully amortizing fixed-rate mortgages with original terms to maturity of up to 30 years. Of the loans, 100.0% were made to investors. Consequently, most loans in the pool (66.7% by balance) are not subject to the Qualified Mortgage and Ability-to-Repay rules because the loans were made for business or commercial purposes. In addition, 20 borrowers have multiple mortgages (41 loans in total) included in the securitized portfolio. About 94.5% of the mortgage loans in the portfolio were eligible for purchase by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac (conforming mortgages). Details on the underwriting of loans can be found in the Key Probability of Default Drivers section of the related rating report.

The originators for the aggregate mortgage pool are United Shore Financial Services, LLC doing business as (d/b/a) United Wholesale Mortgage and Shore Mortgage (USFS; 40.1%), Quicken Loans, LLC (Quicken; 25.9%), and various other originators, each comprising less than 15% of the mortgage loans.

Prior to the servicing transfer date (September 1, 2020, or a later date), the mortgage loans will be serviced by USFS (subserviced by Cenlar FSB (Cenlar), 40.1%), Quicken (25.9%); NewRez LLC d/b/a Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing (SMS, 17.7%); Amerihome Mortgage Company, LLC (Amerihome; subserviced by Cenlar, 12.1%); and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JPMCB, 4.2%; rated AA with a Stable trend by DBRS Morningstar). Servicing will be transferred to JPMCB from SMS on the servicing transfer date as determined by the Issuing Entity and JPMCB. Following the servicing transfer date, USFS and Amerihome (subserviced by Cenlar, 52.2%), Quicken (25.9%), JPMCB (19.8%), and SMS (2.0%) will service the mortgage loans.

For this transaction, the servicing fee payable for mortgage loans serviced by USFS, JPMCB, and SMS (for loans that JPMCB will subsequently service) is composed of three separate components: the aggregate base servicing fee, the aggregate delinquent servicing fee, and the aggregate additional servicing fee. These fees vary based on the delinquency status of the related loan and will be paid from interest collections before distribution to the securities.

Nationstar Mortgage LLC will act as the Master Servicer. Citibank, N.A. (rated AA (low) with a Stable trend by DBRS Morningstar) will act as Securities Administrator and Delaware Trustee. JPMCB and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (rated AA with a Negative trend by DBRS Morningstar) will act as Custodians. Pentalpha Surveillance LLC will serve as the Representations and Warranties (R&W) Reviewer.

J.P. Morgan Mortgage Acquisition Corp. (the Seller) intends to retain (directly or through a majority-owned affiliate) a vertical interest in 5% of the principal amount or notional amount of all the senior and subordinate certificates to satisfy the credit risk retention requirements under Section 15G of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

The transaction employs a senior-subordinate, shifting-interest cash flow structure that is enhanced from a pre-crisis structure.

As of the Cut-Off Date, no borrower within the pool has entered into a Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)-related forbearance plan with a servicer. In the event a borrower requests or enters into a coronavirus-related forbearance plan after the Cut-Off Date but prior to the Closing Date, the Seller will remove such loan from the mortgage pool and remit the related Closing Date substitution amount. Loans that enter a coronavirus-related forbearance plan after the Closing Date will remain in the pool.

CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC IMPACT
The coronavirus pandemic and the resulting isolation measures have caused an economic contraction, leading to sharp increases in unemployment rates and income reductions for many consumers. DBRS Morningstar anticipates that delinquencies may continue to rise in the coming months for many residential mortgage-backed security (RMBS) asset classes, some meaningfully.

The prime mortgage sector is a traditional RMBS asset class that consists of securitizations backed by pools of residential home loans originated to borrowers with prime credit. Generally, these borrowers have decent FICO scores, reasonable equity, and robust income and liquid reserves.

As a result of the coronavirus, DBRS Morningstar expects increased delinquencies, loans on forbearance plans, and a potential near-term decline in the values of the mortgaged properties. Such deteriorations may adversely affect borrowers’ ability to make monthly payments, refinance their loans, or sell properties in an amount sufficient to repay the outstanding balance of their loans.

In connection with the economic stress assumed under its moderate scenario (see “Global Macroeconomic Scenarios: July Update,” published on July 22, 2020), for the prime asset class, DBRS Morningstar applies more severe market value decline (MVD) assumptions across all rating categories than it previously used. DBRS Morningstar derives such MVD assumptions through a fundamental home price approach based on the forecast unemployment rates and GDP growth outlined in the moderate scenario. In addition, for pools with loans on forbearance plans, DBRS Morningstar may assume higher loss expectations above and beyond the coronavirus assumptions. Such assumptions translate to higher expected losses on the collateral pool and correspondingly higher credit enhancement.

In the prime asset class, while the full effect of the coronavirus may not occur until a few performance cycles later, DBRS Morningstar generally believes that this sector should have low intrinsic credit risk. Within the prime asset class, loans originated to (1) self-employed borrowers or (2) higher loan-to-value (LTV) ratio borrowers may be more sensitive to economic hardships resulting from higher unemployment rates and lower incomes. Self-employed borrowers are potentially exposed to more volatile income sources, which could lead to reduced cash flows generated from their businesses. Higher LTV borrowers with lower equity in their properties generally have fewer refinance opportunities and therefore slower prepayments. In addition, certain pools with elevated geographic concentrations in densely populated urban metropolitan statistical areas may experience additional stress from extended lockdown periods and the slowdown of the economy.

The ratings reflect transactional strengths that include high-quality credit attributes, well-qualified borrowers, a satisfactory third-party due-diligence review, structural enhancements, and 100%-current loans.

The ratings reflect transactional challenges that include 100% investor properties and multiple loans from the same borrower in the securitized pool as well as a R&W framework that contains certain weaknesses, such as materiality factors, knowledge qualifiers, and some R&W providers that may experience financial stress that could result in the inability to fulfill repurchase obligations. DBRS Morningstar perceives the framework as more limiting than traditional lifetime R&W standards in certain DBRS Morningstar-rated securitizations.

To capture the perceived weaknesses in the R&W framework, DBRS Morningstar reduced certain originator scores in this pool. A lower originator score results in increased default and loss assumptions and provides additional cushions for the rated securities.

The full description of the strengths, challenges, and mitigating factors is detailed in the related rating report.

A description of how DBRS Morningstar considers ESG factors within the DBRS Morningstar analytical framework and its methodologies can be found at: https://www.dbrsmorningstar.com/research/357792.

Notes:
All figures are in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted.

The principal methodology is RMBS Insight 1.3: U.S. Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Model and Rating Methodology (April 1, 2020), which can be found on dbrsmorningstar.com under Methodologies & Criteria.

For more information regarding rating methodologies and Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), please see the following DBRS Morningstar press release: https://www.dbrsmorningstar.com/research/357883.

For more information regarding structured finance rating methodologies and Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), please see the following DBRS Morningstar press release: https://www.dbrsmorningstar.com/research/358308.

The rated entity or its related entities did participate in the rating process for this rating action. DBRS Morningstar had access to the accounts and other relevant internal documents of the rated entity or its related entities in connection with this rating action.

Please see the related appendix for additional information regarding the sensitivity of assumptions used in the rating process.

The full report providing additional analytical detail is available by clicking on the link under Related Documents below or by contacting us at info@dbrsmorningstar.com.

For more information on this credit or on this industry, visit www.dbrsmorningstar.com or contact us at info@dbrsmorningstar.com.

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